How to read Petorka
Petorka combines direct statistical measures with modeled estimates. The purpose of this page is to make clear what the numbers describe, where modeling enters, and where uncertainty still matters.
Current public coverage: EuroLeague · 2023–24 through 2025–26.
How to read these stats
Use the glossary for metric-specific definitions. The guidance below explains how to interpret the current Player, Lineup, Referee and Team views.
Using the glossary
Search by metric name or definition, or use the product filters to view Players, Lineups, Referees or Teams. Team metric cards also include their published calculation, ranking interpretation and source.
Players
Each row represents one player-season context. Raw metric values describe what happened; percentiles show how that value compares with the metric's certified comparison population.
For ordinary Player metrics, percentile eligibility follows the public minutes qualification and same-season position-group rules. Raw values can remain visible when a player is below the percentile threshold.
Impact metrics are model-based estimates and should be read together with their reliability/support information. RAPM methodology details are maintained separately from the basic public definition.
For multi-team seasons, the season-total row is the primary season view; team-stint rows are supporting context and are not interchangeable with season-total Impact estimates.
Lineups
Each row is a repeated player combination within a season and team. The same group can appear across multiple stints; the displayed row aggregates the certified shared time and possession exposure for that combination.
Smaller lineup combinations overlap by construction, so rows should not be summed as if they were independent team totals.
Historical shot-zone classification
Historical shot zones are reconstructed from available play-by-play and shot-location data. When a recorded location conflicts with an official two-point or three-point designation, PETORKA preserves the official shot value and applies a documented location-adjustment rule.
These classifications are estimates and may not represent the precise physical location of every shot. Identical coordinate boundaries across the historical Teams and Lineups data pipelines have not been independently verified.
Lineup percentile qualification
Lineup percentiles compare combinations of the same size within the same season. The minimum possession exposure is 50 for five-player lineups, 100 for four-player lineups, 150 for three-player lineups and 200 for two-player lineups. Below the minimum, valid raw values remain visible while the percentile is shown as NQ. There is no additional shot-attempt minimum for an individual zone.
A shot frequency of 0% is valid when opponents have attempted field goals; a zone-specific FG% is undefined when no shots were attempted in that zone. Percentages based on very few attempts may be volatile.
For each of the eight defensive shot-frequency and seven defensive shot-accuracy metrics, a lower opponent percentage earns a higher percentile. These are individual metric rankings, not proof of overall defensive effectiveness.
Referees
Overall Foul Tendency describes a referee-associated relative effect on team fouls committed per 100 possessions.
The multi-season view summarizes supported seasons for the same referee. The crew tool is descriptive: it combines the published referee tendency estimates for the selected crew and is not a game forecast.
Qualification and uncertainty/support rules are part of the metric contract; an unavailable estimate should remain unavailable rather than being filled or inferred.
How to read percentiles
Percentiles are comparison tools, not raw statistics. A higher percentile means the displayed raw value ranks higher under that metric's certified direction and comparison population.
For profile/tendency metrics, higher can mean 'more' rather than 'better.' The metric's interpretation note controls how the percentile should be read.
NQ means the raw value does not qualify for a public percentile under the applicable minutes, possessions, games or support rule.
What does reliability mean?
Reliability/support describes how much confidence or repeatability evidence accompanies a model-based estimate. It is not a second performance grade.
Use reliability together with the estimate itself, especially for RAPM, Impact factors and Referee effects.
Team & League
Scope
These pages cover EuroLeague regular-season team performance for 2025-26, 2024-25, 2023-24. Each row represents one team season.
League Average
League Average is pooled from the underlying events and opportunities for the full league. For rate statistics, it is not a simple average of the team percentages.
League rank and color
The number in each colored square is the team’s league rank for the display direction of that metric. The square color is the corresponding percentile on the same site-wide blue-to-red scale used elsewhere in EuroLeague Analytics: red is a higher percentile and blue is a lower percentile. Games played is intentionally shown without a rank or heat color.
Performance vs descriptive traits
For performance metrics, the ranking direction follows basketball meaning before rank and color are assigned. For descriptive traits such as Pace, Assisted Share and offensive shot frequency, a higher raw value means more of that trait and therefore a higher display percentile. Defensive Shot Frequency is intentionally reversed: allowing a smaller share of opponent attempts in a zone ranks stronger/redder, while allowing a larger share ranks weaker/bluer.
Team Efficiency Factors
eFG% adjusts field-goal percentage for the extra value of made 3-pointers. TOV% is turnovers divided by scoring actions plus turnovers. ORB% is offensive rebounds divided by eligible missed-shot offensive-rebound opportunities rather than the generic box-score ORB/(ORB + Opp DRB) shortcut. FT Rate is free-throw attempts divided by field-goal attempts.
Assisted Share
Assisted Share is assisted makes divided by made field goals where assist status is known. Plays whose assist status cannot be established are excluded from that denominator.
Shooting zones
Shot Frequency shows where a team takes its classified field-goal attempts. Shot Accuracy shows conversion rate within each zone. Morey Rate combines attempts at the rim with all 3PT attempts. Overall 2P%, 3P% and FT% are included within the offensive shooting-accuracy view.
Offense and defense
Offensive metrics describe a team’s own outcomes. Defensive metrics describe the outcomes its opponents produced against it.
Season boundaries
Postseason games are not mixed into these regular-season team rows. The same definitions are applied across all seasons shown so that season-to-season comparisons remain consistent.